Why does a cup of cocoa get cold when you leave it on the counter? What do we call the measure of how fast particles are moving? What are three scales we can use to measure temperature?

What is the relationship between speed of particles and temperature? How can two containers have the same temperature, but different amounts of thermal energy? Why does it take longer to boil a large pot of water than it does to boil a small pot of water, even if you are using the same stove? What is happening to the thermal energy and the movement of water molecules as the water changes from a liquid to a gas (boils)?